The Importance Of Personal Networks Social Work Essay

The Importance Of Personal Networks Social Work Essay Individual systems are a significant factor in people groups every day lives. Individuals who are embeded in a system of individual connections experience a more significant level of prosperity than the individuals who are socially isolated.The following is a basic reflection investigation about subjects that I saw as generally important over the span of the term. The topics incorporate the significance of an informal organization for the more seasoned grown-up, just as how this kind of system can affect their personal satisfaction. An investigation of these topics will be given utilizing writing along my very own understanding. This reflection will feature the understanding that I have picked up from this examination as it identifies with my future nursing practice. What's more this reflection will address nursing suggestions for giving prevalent customer relations. Investigation of Themes Social connections of more seasoned grown-ups alongside their entrance to social encouraging groups of people can impact the general wellbeing and prosperity of this populace ( ). The presences of social encouraging groups of people are significant for the more established grown-ups personality, sense of pride, social mix, sentiment of security, friendship, just as useful and enthusiastic help. For instance, my grandparents live alone, in any case, simultaneously they have a system of companions, family members and between confidence network individuals on which they can rely upon. Then again, my neighbor who is 76 years and bereft, is disconnected from significant and strong social connections. My knowledge into the predicament of the older, joined with my empathy towards this powerless populace, forces me to visit her home and invest delayed energy in discussion. We talk finally about her day, her preparing, and her affectionate recollections. My neighbor regularly communicates a p rofound feeling of thankfulness for my continuous visits and I feel satisfacation that she permits me to take part in her excitement and bliss. An informal community can animate the brain of the more established grown-up just as increment their degree of vitality and inspiration. On the off chance that the more seasoned grown-up comes up short on the help of an interpersonal organization, it can frequently prompt disengagement and sadness ( ). There are an assortment of social factors that add to a more established grown-up being socially separated. This incorporates being female, having a low pay, being bereft or separated, are encountering family clashes, and in conclusion who are encountering ageism (BC article). As per these models, my neighbor is certainly in danger of being socially disengaged. Proof proposes that there are wellbeing advancing impacts of social connections. Socially confined more established grown-ups have a two-crease increment in mortality from all causes (Jeannette, 2009). An absence of social help among the more seasoned grown-up populace has been related with an assortment of unfriendly wellbeing results in more established age, going from sadness and self-hurt, to breaking down physical wellbeing. (Jeanneate) (Dennis et al., 2005). Examination underpins that different sorts of social help from various sources are related with positive wellbeing results. Social connections are likewise thought to be a key factor in mental wellbeing including a people joy and emotional prosperity (tomaka). In an examination that took a gander at the positioning of significance of various parts of life for grown-ups beyond 65 years old, they reliably positioned their associations with their loved ones as the second most significant factor after their wellbeing (Kobayashi, Cloutier-Fisher Roth, 2008). Among the more established grown-up populace, the social reconciliation and generally support in the public eye are viewed as indispensable markers of profitable and wellbeing maturing ( ). As indicated by the World Health Organization (2003), social help for the more seasoned grown-up populace has a solid defensive impact on by and large wellbeing and can impact their personal satisfaction (QOL). The QOL for the more seasoned grown-up that have interminable diseases and who live at home are exceptionally impacted by the nearness of and the openness to informal organizations. Hence, discovering approaches to enable more established grown-ups to take part in interpersonal organizations that are gainful and agreeable is a significant part of maturing. Future Nursing Practice and Nursing Implications All through my investigation, I have increased a lot of understanding concerning the significance of a having an informal organization and its effect on the QOL of more established grown-ups. It has expanded my mindfulness and empathy to the significance of companions, family and network support in making an informal organization for the more established grown-up so as to keep up or increment their general QOL. It is critical to lessen the measure of seclusion that more established grown-ups face even those that have families. Practically speaking, it is vital for medical attendants to know about the more established grown-ups social encouraging groups of people, alongside supporting for the making of further systems so as to tailor to the mind boggling necessities of more established grown-ups. Upon reflection, I would utilize Newmans hypothesis of Health as Expanding Consciousness as my methodology when I consider the significance of guaranteeing that social encouraging groups of p eople are set up for my customers before release from an emergency clinic. Newman (2004) depicts people as open vitality frameworks in steady cooperation with the earth. In this manner, the route for medical attendants to comprehend the strength of a more established grown-up is by understanding the people example of identifying with the earth. Therefore being stated, the interpersonal organization of a grown-up is vital to lessen reliance among the more seasoned grown-up populace by improving time went through with this gathering and having more collaboration with the older (Souraya LeClerc, 2008) All in all, notwithstanding the striking nature of late investigations gave to ageism that analyzes social help and prosperity, this assemblage of nursing research has given restricted consideration to the expanding predominance of social segregation among more seasoned grown-ups in Canada or its relationship with wellbeing status. More exploration is required in these zones as more established grown-up Canadians are living longer, alone, and with a decreased number of social contacts (McPherson, 2004). Social seclusion isn't a simple theme for strategy. It is a difficult that can't be related to increasingly recognizable social subjects as training, monetary autonomy, cultural interest and social attachment. Attendants need to advocate on the significance of increasing enthusiastic, functional and social help for this populace. This reflection has raised the issue of emotional well-being among the more established grown-up populace. From an individual angle, it disheartens me to see the absence of communication that exist among the more seasoned grown-up populace experiencing a dysfunctional behavior. I accept that further consideration should be engaged around there by making progressively social help programs and expanding access to these administrations for this partner. Because of this experience I have gotten all the more expertly mindful to my cooperations with the more seasoned grown-up customer on the units that I am taking a shot at. Being sympathetic has caused me to understand that it must be trying for the more established grown-up to be taken care of as they were once autonomous people who could deal with themselves. I can perceive how medical attendants can get baffled with this populace joined with an overwhelming remaining task at hand, yet I do feel that this populace conveys with them a to n of riches and knowledge. Presentation Distinguishing proof of theme(s) in your intelligent composition. Investigation and examination of topics that are generally important to you Noteworthy taking in or experiences picked up from your investigation that will control your training Nursing suggestions Pick any 2 points; use references; blend reflection + insightful Jeannette, G., et al. (2009). Forlornness, social encouraging groups of people, mind-set and prosperity in network abiding older. Universal Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,24 (7): 694-700. Tomaka, J., Thompson, S., Palacios, S. (2006). The connection of social seclusion, dejection, and social help to sickness results among the older. Diary of Aging and Health, 18(3), 359-384.â Kobayashi, K., Cloutier-Fisher, D., Roth, M. (2008). Making important associations: a profile of social disengagement and wellbeing among more established grown-ups in modest community and little city, British Columbia. Diary of maturing and wellbeing, 21(2), 374. When estimating the degree of access that more seasoned grown-ups need to social encouraging groups of people or the danger of social disconnection, it can give an important way to get-together data on their living plans (details can).

Free Essays on Anorexia Vs. Bulimia

Anorexia Nervosa versus Bulimia Nervosa In today’s society numerous individuals are influenced by dietary issues and their dangerous symptoms. Two of the most well-known dietary issues, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, are regularly mistaken for each other in light of the fact that they each offer a large number of similar characteristics; in any case, each confusion has its own unmistakable practices that make it very unique in relation to the next. Since each confusion is not kidding and can be fatal, it is significant for individuals to see every one exclusively so as to have the option to recognize each turmoil from the other. In examination, both dietary problems include perilous practices that the casualties of the scatters accept to either help in the loss of weight or forestall the put on of weight. The casualties of the two issue by and large have poor mental self portraits and passionate pressure that is regularly joined by sentiments of blame and despondency. Another solid correlation with make among anorexia and bulimia is that analysts presently can't seem to see whether the reasons for the scatters are from hereditary qualities, the earth, or a blend of both hereditary and ecological components. Most hypotheses today infer that the two issue originate from a mix of hereditary elements, for example, concoction irregular characteristics in the nerve center or pituitary organ, and ecological elements, for example, the estimation of thinness and the dismissal of stoutness. Another solid examination is that the two issue are seen as substantially more typical among females than guys. Interestingly, the two dietary problems shift from one another in that each turmoil has its own unmistakable practices and practices where its casualties share. Practices for survivors of anorexia nervosa incorporate refusal to eat any sort of food and forswearing that their practices and unfortunate appearance are strange. Practices for survivors of bulimia nervosa vary in that the casualties will gorge on unfathomably enormous and irregular amounts of food and afterward cleanse, which is o... Free Essays on Anorexia Vs. Bulimia Free Essays on Anorexia Vs. Bulimia Anorexia Nervosa versus Bulimia Nervosa In today’s society numerous individuals are influenced by dietary issues and their savage reactions. Two of the most widely recognized dietary problems, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, are regularly mistaken for each other on the grounds that they each offer a large number of similar characteristics; in any case, each turmoil has its own particular practices that make it very not quite the same as the other. Since each turmoil is not kidding and can be dangerous, it is significant for individuals to see every one exclusively so as to have the option to recognize each confusion from the other. In correlation, both dietary issues include risky practices that the casualties of the clutters accept to either help in the loss of weight or forestall the put on of weight. The casualties of the two issue by and large have poor mental self portraits and passionate pressure that is frequently joined by sentiments of blame and discouragement. Another solid correlation with make among anorexia and bulimia is that clinicians presently can't seem to see whether the reasons for the disarranges are from hereditary qualities, nature, or a mix of both hereditary and ecological components. Most speculations today presume that the two issue originate from a blend of hereditary variables, for example, compound lopsided characteristics in the nerve center or pituitary organ, and natural components, for example, the estimation of slimness and the dismissal of heftiness. Another solid examination is that the two issue are seen as substantially more typical among females than guys. Interestingly, the two dietary problems change from one another in that each turmoil has its own particular practices and practices where its casualties share. Practices for casualties of anorexia nervosa incorporate refusal to eat any sort of food and forswearing that their practices and unfortunate appearance are uncommon. Practices for casualties of bulimia nervosa contrast in that the casualties will gorge on amazingly enormous and unusual amounts of food and afterward cleanse, which is o...

The Importance of ADHD Awareness

The Importance of ADHD Awareness ADHD Print The Importance of ADHD Awareness By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 25, 2019 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Katja Kircher/Getty Images Undiagnosed, untreated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can wreak havoc on your life, and it can also impact your loved ones. Each year, we recognize ADHD Awareness Month in October is a time to celebrate the progress made in ADHD education and advocacy, understand the work that still needs to be done, and raise awareness about the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Without ADHD awareness, many children and adults continue to struggle. Ruth Hughes, Ph.D., is a clinical psychologist and former Chief Executive Officer and now special advisor of CHADD (Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder), the nations leading non-profit organization serving individuals with ADHD and their families. She is also the mother of an adult son with ADHD and learning disabilities. Here are her thoughts on ADHD awareness. Why ADHD Awareness Is so Important There may be as many as 15 million adults and children in the U.S. with ADHD, based upon prevalence studies and the 2010 census data. ADHD is also one of the most common disorders of childhood. Despite this, there is a huge amount of bad and misleading information on the internet and in the media about the condition. In addition, there are people with ADHD who have never been diagnosed but have lives filled with problems directly related to the symptoms. Goals of CHADD and ADHD Awareness Coalition Educate people about the disorderReinforce that ADHD is a real conditionRemind people that its highly treatable Highlight the choices in treatment Misconceptions About ADHD The most glaring misconception is the belief that ADHD is not real. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is a well-documented neurological disorder: an individuals brain develops and functions differently with ADHD. There is a deep body of research on ADHD, and every major medical and health organization in the U.S. recognizes the legitimacy of this disorder. Individuals dont choose to have these symptoms, but they do have the responsibility to learn to manage them. ADHD is an equal opportunity disorder and is not the result of poor parentingâ€"another common myth. You can be an exceptional parent or a terrible parent and still have a child with ADHD. Good parenting will help your child learn to manage the symptoms better, but it wont prevent the occurrence of ADHD. There is a strong genetic link, and most families can identify other family members who exhibited the same symptoms. Another myth about ADHD is that anyone can be diagnosed with it, based on a list of behaviors that all of us exhibit at one time or another. Not so. When diagnosed properly, having the symptoms is just the first step. In addition, these symptoms must be long-term in natureâ€"at least six monthsâ€"and persistent every day. The symptoms must also be severe enough to cause significant impairment in functioning in a major area of life, such as school, work, family, or social life. And lastly, other causes of the symptoms must be ruled out. Only when all of this is done, should a diagnosis of ADHD be made. Why You or Your Child Should Get Tested for ADHD The Many Faces of ADHD ADHD is a lifelong disorder for most folks. You may be a child, an adult, or a retired grandparent and still have ADHD. Like many disorders, the symptoms may be expressed differently in different people. For one person, it may be a huge problem with impulsivity and hyperactivity. For another, it may be about the ability to pay attention. For some, the symptoms are very mild and easily controlled, while for others, the symptoms are quite severe and disruptive. Two-thirds of people diagnosed with ADHD have other co-occurring disorders as well: depression, learning disabilities, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorders are just a few. There are many faces of ADHD, but the most important message is that many, many people with ADHD manage their treatment effectively and live full and rewarding lives. How to Increase ADHD Awareness Science tells us that the most effective way to deal with any kind of stigma is to know someone with the disorder who is stigmatized. Its easy to say that ADHD is not real or caused by bad parenting when you have no experience with it. But if family members can learn to be comfortable saying to others I have ADHD, or A member of my family has ADHD, that usually stops people in their tracks and opens the door for some real dialogue. Only when we stop hiding will the stigma and misunderstanding truly disappear. ADHD Awareness Month ADHD Awareness Month brings together a number of national groups concerned about ADHD and mental health. The partners include the Attention Deficit Disorder Association (ADDA), the ADHD Coaches Organization (ACO), and Children and Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (CHADD). In addition, dozens of other health-related groups and government agencies recognize and celebrate ADHD Awareness Month, sharing information on  this disorder. Check out the Awareness Month  website and help spread the word.

A Critique on Romantic Ideals in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein

Dr. Bianca Tredennick English 102-10 February 14, 2007 â€Å"But Sorrow Only Increased with Knowledge:† A Critique on Romantic Ideals in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Romantics, individuals living during 1789-1830, expressed their ideas and imaginations in attempt to escape the conformity and imitation of the past Neo-Classical era. These individuals focused on surpassing the boundaries of human nature as well as their personal experiences spiritually, psychologically, physically and emotionally. These choices made by humans started to push the limits of physical nature using the acquirement of knowledge to its fullest extent. We discover multiple characters in this novel Frankenstein published in 1818 that replicate ideal Romantic figures. It†¦show more content†¦The more education and eloquence the creature acquires the more he discovers about his own creation. The lab notes he found made him realize his disgustful disposition and the abhorrent process of his own fabrication. Though the monster tried to set aside t he reality of his history, he cannot avoid his mechanical truth of his puzzle pieced exterior stitched together leading to explanation that the creature more knowledge acquires, the more dismayed he becomes. In essence, the education that blends the creature closer to a part of society, lights up what could not be seen before. It was not until he began to attain a more sophisticated nature that he could not explain why everyone he encountered ran in terror from his wretchedness. Now that knowledge has become an integrated part of his being, the ability of understanding has led him to understand why he is not accepted not only upon his encounter with the DeLacey’s but with society as a whole through the evidence the lab notes provide. Along with the notes, the creature finds three books in the woods that also have a tremendous affect on the comprehension of his self-image through the ideas and comments they suggest leading him into a new light of understanding. One of the book s that had the most emotional effect on Victor’s creation wasShow MoreRelated Frankenstein, Community, and the Individual Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibility that lie at the core of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. It is through these concepts that Shelley explores how society has changed during Romanticism and the Industrial Revolution, with lessening importance on shared knowledge and the public sphere and more emphasis on individual achievement and identity, leading to a fractured and isolated society. 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When considered together with Blade Runner, Shelley’s early 19thC novel Frankenstein reveals ongoing social anxietiesRead MoreFrankenstein Challenging Extreme Romantic and Enlightenment Ideologies2088 Words   |  9 PagesMary Shelley’s Frankenstein like all texts is far from neutral, acting as a site to challenge and/or endorse certain ideologies. Published in the 19th century, it follows the journey of three characters amidst the influence and conflict of extreme Romantic and Enlightenment ideologies. Mary Shelley experienced much heartbreak, suicide and sorrow with the intense Romantic lifestyle she had chosen to adopt with Percy Shelley and it can be argued that Frankenstein is a critique of radicalism as revealedRead MoreShellys Frankenstein and Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pages Mary Shellys Frankenstein narrates a story about a scientist, Victor Frankenstein, and his creation of a monster set apart from all worldly creatures. Frankensteins cr eation parallels Miltons Paradise Lost and Gods creation of man; Victor Frankenstein is symbolic of God and the monster is symbolic of Adam. The parallel emphasizes the moral limitations of mankind through Victor Frankenstein and the disjunction and correlation with Paradise Lost. Shelly links the two stories together throughRead MoreThe Character Of Elizabeth By Mary Shelley1494 Words   |  6 Pagesmore acceptable in the Romantic Age than in the Victorian Era, possesses all the classical signs of a faultless, beautiful, and largely ignored love interest to Victor Frankenstein’s charming and thirsty for knowledge male persona. 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Mary was the daughter of a revolutionary author Mary Wollstonecraft who is regarded asRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Internet Essay3123 Words   |  13 PagesMary Shelleys Frankenstein and the Internet      Ã‚  Ã‚   So many years after it was written, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein lingers on our consciousness. Her novel challenges the Romantic celebration of creativity and genius by illustrating the danger of unbridled human ambition. When Frankenstein becomes consumed in his scientific experiment, he is able to fashion a stunning product: a quasi-human being. Similarly, the concept behind the World Wide Web was born of an impassioned mastermind. ButRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein - The Individual and Society Essay1923 Words   |  8 PagesFrankenstein: The Individual and Society      Ã‚  Ã‚   The creatures ambiguous humanity has long puzzled readers of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein. In this essay I will focus on how Frankenstein can be used to explore two philosophical topics, social contract theory, and gender roles, in light of ideas from Shelleys two philosophical parents, William Godwin, and Mary Wollstonecraft.    What Does it Mean to be Human? Individual and Society    One historically important tradition in social

The Internet Economy Within Digital Media - 1834 Words

The Internet economy within Digital Media Digital Media has changed over the years, making a substantial impact on society, as technology is linking people from across the world in ways that would seem nearly impossible years ago. The global online population is currently 1.2 billion, projected to grow to 1.8 billion by 2010, According to Central Intelligence Agency statistics collected in 2005 and 2006. Media within society is constantly changing, which makes it critical for advertisers to keep up with improving technology and the transformation that occurs within it. The internet has provided a channel for consumers, which has now the first port-of-call for finding information to select or buy the best deal. The internet has†¦show more content†¦If you type up a blog or an online journal as a personal publishing tool you could become an author. This tool is something not seen in the mass media, and the individuals participating in them are often the influencers, who are more valuable than the average consumer. Blogs also are an opportunity to mass communicate directly and quickly with customers, in an easy-to-read format, without going through slow corporate processes. It does however run the risk of having negative feedback because it is self-regulated, but through collaboration can spark positive comments. It is essentially an opportunity to create interactive platforms that initiate discussions for collaboration. A prime example of a company utilizing digital media over the computer is Verizon, whom adopted a digital workplace in an attempt to connect the vast amount of employees nationwide. This included all online systems, tools, information channels regardless of geographic location. The business place includes some of Verizon s cutting edge communication tools with an access to an intranet portal, called eWeb. This tool is a voice recognition portal service that allows voice-activated access to intranet functions and information using any telephone. This voice portal allows employees to call and send audio file e-mails to other employees; which is particularly useful among the employees that travel a lot. On top of that, theyShow MoreRelatedDigital Marketing : The Utilization Of Electronic Media Essay1423 Words   |  6 Pagesare faced with new challenges and opportunities within this digital age. Digital marketing is the utilization of electronic media by the marketers to promote the p roducts or services into the market. The main objective of digital marketing is attracting customers and allowing them to interact with the brand through digital media. This article focuses on the importance of digital marketing for both marketers and consumers. We examine the effect of digital marketing on the firms’ sales. Additionally theRead MoreDigital Era And Its Effect On The Physical And Social Environment931 Words   |  4 Pagescommon belief that the digital era is experiencing significant changes, whether it is in regard to time and space, or social and material infrastructure. In contemporary society, humans do not have to be as place-dependent, which frees time and space from normal constraints. As a result, this shift in location has an effect on the physical and social environment. Sassen is the author that resonates with me the most due to her view regarding the function of cities in a digital economy. In AgglomerationRead MoreThe Social Outcomes Of Digital Information Revolution Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Outcomes in Digital Information Revolution Throughout the years’ digital information has changed both, society and the way professionals continue to study it. Although, the digital information revolution is seen as the world’s biggest innovation, it has brought with itself positive and negatives outcomes. It has helped society but it has also damaged it. Within the context of the social theories and perspective studied in class, the outcomes of the digital information revolution supportRead MoreCase Study Jessop1104 Words   |  5 Pagesconsumers prefer digital or online services All wanting faster responses Development of products for niche markets, e.g. Student portfolios, business cards, personalized calendars 4. Technological factors: These include; High-spec digital cameras more affordable which means Everyone can take and edit high-quality photos. Use of social media enables image sharing resulting in Less demand for print copies. Bigger pixel cameras on mobile phones affecting sales of standalone digital cameras. 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The major one was the introduction of the internet and the World Wide Web. Around the 1950 s the first network called ARPANET was created and through research the internet was later on produced in the late 1970 s. Within two decades the internet went from being a new form of communication technology, to being, for most people a very important part of their culture and daily life. Many once held an optimism that the I nternet would for example revolutionise work and office life, createRead MoreResearch Paper On Facebook Generation Marketing1657 Words   |  7 Pages Imagining the changes within the online marketing world, on a daily basis, is challenging. It is even more challenging to imagine the digital marking world five years down the road. Seven years ago, no one would have ever imagined Donald Trump becoming the next leader of the United States; however, look at our world today. Donald Trump, with over 7.5 million Instagram followers and 38.5 million Twitter followers is a genius at marketing through Social Media. In fact, I believe his campaignRead MoreThe Infrastructure Of Social Media822 Words   |  4 Pagesinfrastructure of social media starts with the social media software (Solomon, 2015, Unit 1). On Facebook, a person or business can share status updates, pictures, video, or check-in at a location. On Twitter, the message needs to be short, but the content creator can be creative in how they use their 140 characters. On LinkedIn, users are typically in a business networking frame of mind. YouTube is specifically for sharing vide o content. These are just a few of the larger examples of social media programs. All

Write About The Ways In Which Chaucer Presents Chauntecleer’s Dream Free Essays

In the Nun’s priest’s tale, the denizens of the widow’s barnyard, in particular Chauntecleer and Pertelote are used to poke fun at very human sorts of behavior. The rooster’s dream is significant as it and the discussion that follows takes up much of the tale itself. The focus is not on the action (Chauntecleer’s capture by the fox) but on who is correct. We will write a custom essay sample on Write About The Ways In Which Chaucer Presents Chauntecleer’s Dream? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Is Chauntecleer’s position on dreams correct or is Pertelote’s? The extensive discussion of the dream steers the story away from the â€Å"moral† of Chauntecleer’s vanity. Chaucer uses numerous diverse techniques in-order to present chauntecleer’s dream to the audience; I feel that he presents his dreams very successfully. For instance in the opening line, the use of a discourse marker is extremely effective, ‘and so bifel’, it immediately catches the readers attention. ‘Bifel’, meaning ‘it happened’, and so the audience ask themselves, ‘what happened?’ Furthermore, in line 5 and 6, the use of alliteration helps empathize that chauntecleer is somewhat distressed, slightly troubled. For example, ‘gan gronen’ and followed, ‘ dreem is drecched’. Several times in the passage, Chaucer refers to religion; he uses the word, ‘God’, as part of his sentence or in order to explain something. This highlights that they are significant points in which he is trying to get across. ‘For by that God above’, almost means that God is watching at all times. Further down Chaucer creates a sense of imagery, implying that he was almost captured, held in captivity. He does this by involving the words, ‘prisoun’ and ‘beest’ sequentially to generate tension. When describing what the fox looked like on lines 20-25, you also notice that imagery of colour is put into effect, to stress how influential the animal is. Chaucer chooses very fiery colours to do this. ‘bitwixe yellow and reed’. Once more, Chaucer includes the technique alliteration, when describing the animal, this in a sense signifies his power. ‘Tipped was his tayl’ and ‘Snowte Smal’. On the same line, line 24, Chaucer describes the animal in great detail, very insignificant aspects are included. Again a sense of imagery is created for the audience, ‘Glowynge eyen tweye’, this is talking about the eyes of the animal. The use of discourse markers on line 27 and 28 brings the passage to a climax as Pertelote implies that Chauntecleer is a coward. ‘Avoy’, which is followed by, how could you? You heartless coward! Beneath, is followed by, ‘Allas’, in order to take the tension away from the point just brought up. The way Chaucer prevails his dream allows Pertelote to think differently of him, note that Pertelote’s indignation at the thought that Chauntecleer might be a coward (and thus unworthy of her love); Chauntecleer’s gallant compliments to his â€Å"lady† and statements concerning the effect of her beauty upon him; his references to the physical side of their passion. All the way through the tale Chaucer perceives the chickens as humans, and he continues to do this in his description of the dream. ‘To han housbondes hardy, wise and free’. This is basically indicating that they are husband and wife almost. But in fact they are just rooster and hen, which are made out to be more than that. In a sense mock-heroic by where Chaucer is exaggerating extensively. When talking about the fox, Chaucer uses the technique, rhetoric, which is the clever use of language which I have already touched upon, for example when describing his eyes the use of language is so complicated yet it is describing something very simple. Overall I feel that Chaucer have been very effective in presenting Chauntecleer’s dream to the audience, this is only been helped in the techniques that he has included. Personally he interacts very well with the audience because of the way he makes out the two to be elderly humans instead of a rooster and a hen. How to cite Write About The Ways In Which Chaucer Presents Chauntecleer’s Dream?, Papers

jose rizal Essays - Jos Rizal, Philippine Revolution,

JOSE RIZAL, the national hero of the Philippines and pride of the Malayan race, was born on June 19, 1861, in the town of Calamba, Laguna. He was the seventh child in a family of 11 children (2 boys and 9 girls). Both his parents were educated and belonged to distinguished families. His father, Francisco Mercado Rizal, an industrious farmer whom Rizal called "a model of fathers," came from Bi?an, Laguna; while his mother, Teodora Alonzo y Quintos, a highly cultured and accomplished woman whom Rizal called "loving and prudent mother," was born in Meisic, Sta. Cruz, Manila. At the age of 3, he learned the alphabet from his mother; at 5, while learning to read and write, he already showed inclinations to be an artist. He astounded his family and relatives by his pencil drawings and sketches and by his moldings of clay. At the age 8, he wrote a Tagalog poem, "Sa Aking Mga Kabata," the theme of which revolves on the love of one?s language. In 1877, at the age of 16, he obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree with an average of "excellent" from the Ateneo Municipal de Manila. In the same year, he enrolled in Philosophy and Letters at the University of Santo Tomas, while at the same time took courses leading to the degree of surveyor and expert assessor at the Ateneo. He finished the latter course on March 21, 1877 and passed the Surveyor?s examination on May 21, 1878; but because of his age, 17, he was not granted license to practice the profession until December 30, 1881. In 1878, he enrolled in medicine at the University of Santo Tomas but had to stop in his studies when he felt that the Filipino students were being discriminated upon by their Dominican tutors. On May 3, 1882, he sailed for Spain where he continued his studies at the Universidad Central de Madrid. On June 21, 1884, at the age of 23, he was conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine and on June 19,1885, at the age of 24, he finished his course in Philosophy and Letters with a grade of "excellent." Having traveled extensively in Europe, America and Asia, he mastered 22 languages. These include Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Latin, Malayan, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit, Spanish, Tagalog, and other native dialects. A versatile genius, he was an architect, artists, businessman, cartoonist, educator, economist, ethnologist, scientific farmer, historian, inventor, journalist, linguist, musician, mythologist, nationalist, naturalist, novelist, opthalmic surgeon, poet, propagandist, psychologist, scientist, sculptor, sociologist, and theologian. He was an expert swordsman and a good shot. In the hope of securing political and social reforms for his country and at the same time educate his countrymen, Rizal, the greatest apostle of Filipino nationalism, published, while in Europe, several works with highly nationalistic and revolutionary tendencies. In March 1887, his daring book, NOLI ME TANGERE, a satirical novel exposing the arrogance and despotism of the Spanish clergy, was published in Berlin; in 1890 he reprinted in Paris, Morga?s SUCCESSOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS with his annotations to prove that the Filipinos had a civilization worthy to be proud of even long before the Spaniards set foot on Philippine soil; on September 18, 1891, EL FILIBUSTERISMO, his second novel and a sequel to the NOLI and more revolutionary and tragic than the latter, was printed in Ghent. Because of his fearless exposures of the injustices committed by the civil and clerical officials, Rizal provoked the animosity of those in power. This led hi mself, his relatives and countrymen into trouble with the Spanish officials of the country. As a consequence, he and those who had contacts with him, were shadowed; the authorities were not only finding faults but even fabricating charges to pin him down. Thus, he was imprisoned in Fort Santiago from July 6, 1892 to July 15, 1892 on a charge that anti-friar pamphlets were found in the luggage of his sister Lucia who arrive with him from Hong Kong. While a political exile in Dapitan, he engaged in agriculture, fishing and business; he maintained and operated a hospital; he conducted classes- taught his pupils the English and Spanish languages, the arts. The sciences, vocational

Dell Inc Case Study

Dell Inc Case Study Problem Statement The relationship between the managers and workers was not good at all, this led to mass layoffs which affected the company’s performance .The other problem was in the process of recruiting new employees in a bid to achieve sustainable growth and development for the Company. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dell Inc Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company did not have enough creative employees who could contribute new ideas on how to venture into new fields of investment. The chief Executive officer was very impatient with new products in the market; he expected quick returns which was not possible within short span of time (Lynch 433-437). List of Alternatives The relationship between top managers and the subordinates in any company must always be healthy for productivity purposes. From the case in Dell Company, the relationship between the top managers (the Chief Executive Of ficer Michael Dell and the President Kevin B. Rollins) with the subordinates was poor resulting to mass lay-off hence poor company performance (Lynch 433-437). Any established company should always have training programs for new employees on issues related to company management; this includes marketing segmentation and sales strategies. This ensures that high level of productivity is realized. The success of Dell relies on their improvement in the quality of goods they offer. This has to take place by incorporating new technology in the manufacturing process. This will require structuring of business plan that will incorporate new marketing and promotional strategies. There is need for patience whenever a new product is introduced into the market; this allows it time to catch up before any profit is realized (Bonoma 69-76). Analysis of the Alternatives Good interpersonal skills and relationship between workers is vital for effective management and running of any company. Communicat ion is a very important factor that ensures smooth running of activities within the company. This must be encouraged amongst all employees regardless of the positions they hold. This may as well act as a very important tool for designing communication marketing mix outside the Company. The scenario at Dell Inc clearly demonstrates the results of poor communication that ends up creating poor working environment (Ahmed 1177-1186).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is very important for the firm to offer training to its own workforce than recruiting them from outside the company. This ensures that the new recruits are those who are very much familiar with the company’s production processes. This also encourages smooth transition when it comes to succession within various departments. Dell had a problem with workers from outside because they were unable to adap t with the required speed to the company’s codes and principles. For a company to keep up with the ever changing demand and supply curve, they must be ready to invest on better ways of improving the quality of their products, this also includes stepping up their technology by initiating necessary modifications with regards to quality and quantity (Kohli 53-81). Dell’s conservative ways could not enable the company to invest hence failing to compete favorably within the market. In the business world, it’s not easy for one to get quick returns from newly introduced products. It calls for patience and proper strategizing. Dells impatience and quest for quick profit slowed their productivity and consequently affected the end results (Cravens and Piercy 2009). Recommendations The management should work out modalities of creating good relationships amongst the workers at all levels (Johlke and Duhan 265-267). There must be harmony within the working environment. Itâ €™s inevitably necessary for the Company to have new recruits if it expects to expand its production and improves on the level of its skilled manpower. This can be done through training and internship programs. The company should come up with good business plan that enables it to arrest the lucrative investment opportunities. By all standards, when a new product is launched in the market, it will take a while for it to command public confidence. As such the producers must be patient and use good sales and marketing strategies. Ahmed, Pervaiz. â€Å"Internal Marketing Issues and Challenges†. European Journal of Marketing; London 37(9), (2003):1177-1186. Bonoma, Thomas. â€Å"Making Your Marketing Strategies Work†. Harvard Business Review. Harvard Business school USA (1984): 69-76.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Dell Inc Case Study specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Cravens, David and Piercy, Nigel. â€Å"Strategic Marketing†. McGraw Hill. 9th edition. 2009. Johlke, Mark and Dale, Duhan. Testing Competing Models of Sales Force Communication, Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management, United States Vol. 21 (2000): 265-277. Kohli, Jaworski. â€Å"Market orientation: Antecedents and consequences†. Journal of Marketing, New York 57, (3) (1993): 53-81. Lynch, Merril. â€Å"Dell Inc†. Business week, New York Feb 6, (2006):433-437

Jacobsons Organ and the Sixth Sense

Jacobson's Organ and the Sixth Sense Humans are equipped with five senses: sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell. Animals possess several extra senses, including altered vision and hearing, echolocation, electric and/or magnetic field detection, and supplementary chemical detection senses. In addition to taste and smell, most vertebrates use Jacobsons organ (also termed the vomeronasal organ and vomeronasal pit) to detect trace quantities of chemicals. Jacobson's Organ While snakes and other reptiles flick substances into Jacobsons organ with their tongues, several mammals (e.g., cats) exhibit the Flehmen reaction. When Flehmening, an animal appears to sneer as it curls its upper lip to better expose the twin vomeronasal organs for chemical sensing. In mammals, Jacobsons organ is used not simply to identify minute quantities of chemicals, but also for subtle communication between other members of the same species, through the emission and reception of chemical signals called pheromones. L. Jacobson In the 1800s, Danish physician L. Jacobson detected structures in a patients nose that became termed Jacobsons organ (although the organ was actually first reported in humans by F. Ruysch in 1703). Since its discovery, comparisons of human and animal embryos led scientists to conclude that Jacobsons organ in humans corresponded to the pits in snakes and vomeronasal organs in other mammals, but the organ was thought to be vestigial (no longer functional) in humans. While humans dont display the Flehmen reaction, recent studies have demonstrated that Jacobsons organ functions as in other mammals to detect pheromones and to sample low concentrations of certain non-human chemicals in the air. There are indications that Jacobsons organ may be stimulated in pregnant women, perhaps partially accounting for an improved sense of smell during pregnancy and possibly implicated in morning sickness. Since extra-sensory perception or ESP is awareness of the world beyond the senses, it would be inappropriate to term this sixth sense extrasensory. After all, the vomeronasal organ connects to the amygdala of the brain and relays information about the surroundings in essentially the same manner as any other sense. Like ESP, however, the sixth sense remains somewhat elusive and hard to describe.

Being American Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Being American - Essay Example The author intends that the readers understand about the American identity of American residents. Most of them are from diverse lands and their parents or grandparents have immigrated to America after which, America has taken its current form. Belonging to a diverse cultural background, I can relate to the poem. ‘To the Lady’ is composed by Mitsuye Yamada. She expresses anger towards Japanese Americans and other Americans’ silence when Japanese Americans were captured in war camps. She as a Japanese American represents the voice of her people. She talks about a report in San Francisco by a lady which â€Å"why did the Japanese Americans let the government put them in those camps without protest?† (Yamada 523)and shows her reaction about the pride of American people and existent discrimination on the land.She uses the sentences â€Å"social order moral order internal order† (Yamada 523) to show discrimination in America. She uses the symbols of war in the poem such as ‘bombed’, ‘self-immolation’ and ‘six million’ indicating towards killing of Jewish people. She further refers to the famous incident of murder of ‘Kitty Genovese’ who got murdered on street.Being an American, every happening can be related to us. ‘Facing It’ is written by YusefKomunyakaa who is an African American ethnically. Komunyakaa connects his experience of being Black with the memorial of Vietnam War. The poet is standing in front of the Vietnam memorial reading names of people and finding his own. He sees his reflection in the memorial and considers that the difference between the memorial and him is that of stone and flesh. He can feel the pain of his history while the memorial cannot. He says, "My black face fades,/hiding inside the black granite" (Komunyakaa 525) showing his connectivity with the memorial. He also refers to a name, ‘Andrew Johnson’ written on the

Utopia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Utopia - Essay Example The term was introduced by Thomas Moore, who invented the term to describe his imaginary Island where the inhabitants of the island enjoy the perfect social, legal and political system. An Island, where nothing is amiss, nothing is wrong and people lead what we can call a â€Å"Utopian or flawless† form of life. In modern Latin, â€Å"utopia† means â€Å"nowhere†. As years passed by, Thomas Moore’s famous word became an adjective to be used to describe not just his island but any state of perfectness. In the lives that we live every day, from the moment we learn about the terms â€Å"happiness† or â€Å"flawless† we start on a journey to pursue them and turn our own little lives into something that we consider blessed. But, the truth is no one is ever really happy or satisfied. I am not saying it s a crime to be not or dissatisfied but the fact is that Thomas Moore’s word â€Å"utopia† has little space in our lives. â€Å"Richa rd Cory† a short, narrative and meaningful poem that I came across, vindicates my argument substantially. He was gracious, generous, well schooled and wealthy yet at the end of the poem he ends up shooting himself in the head. Herein, we see that even though Richard Cory had all the materialistic possessions that a person needs for his survival, he was not satisfied and his life was not worth living at all. At first it seems almost necessary to describe Mr. Cory’s life as a Utopian life since everything seemed so perfect yet the end of his story makes us think otherwise- How can the term Utopia be used for a state that is nonexistent?

Internal Communication and Organizational Changes

Internal Communication and Organizational Changes Internal Communications and Organizational Changes Budi Santoso Introduction Institutional changes are unavoidable. It happens to any kinds of organizations; no matter how stiff the structure is (we can take military institution as a sample). One significant factor that holds important role in the process of change is communication. Change, however, requires communication supports, not only formal but also informal. When interaction and social doings among leaders and staffs within organizations has to be established according to the needs of change, communication about this is necessary (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001, p. 101). Therefore, internal communications holds a vital role to make a desired change successful. The basic idea of this is that internal communication’s role ranges from communicating to stimulating the process of change (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001, p. 100). In this paper, writer should focus on one of internal communications functions, namely, communicating the facts of the intended change to the inside stakeholders. The reason for this is that changes can possibly create a lack of clarity and uncertainty amongst inside stakeholders (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001), hence the need for information is relatively large. More importantly, to communicate the change to staff and employees is a significant initial phase within the whole process of change. Organizations, as stated by Vos and Schoemaker (2001), are basically based on collaboration (p. 81). All sections are interconnected, and by that, are interdependent. All parts are directed to involve in mutual cooperation to realize or achieve organizations’ goals which are usually manifested in their missions. The output of mutual cooperation among all segments is based on the quality of internal communication which takes place. Organizational structure cannot obviously be separated from internal communication as it, essentially, is resulted from communication process that happened continuously within an organization. Structures save us time and trouble, while they help us build on past experience (Cheney et al, 2004, p. 20). However, the climate of internal communication of an organization should actually be developed from symmetrical systems of communication. In this paper, I try to explain how the organizational structure regulates internal communication climate in organizations, as the way in which people communicate depends strongly on the nature of organization (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001), by giving reasonable arguments which I elaborated from several sources. Organizational Structure Cheney et al (2004) symbolized structure of organization as a skyscraper: a tall building with many rooms and main parts, such as pillars or roofs, which are used to hold the whole divisions to stand up. The main part of organizations, then, is the communication atmosphere which colors the works spirit of all manpower to give their ideas, energy and services for the sake of their organizations. Online business dictionary (2007) defined organizational structure as formal and informal Framework of policies and rules, within which an organization arranges its lines of authority and communications, and allocates rights and duties. Organizational structure shapes the manner and degree to which roles, power, and responsibilities are delegated, controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between levels of management. Structure is aimed to give shape and direction to internal communication activities that take place, whether it is vertical or horizontal. On the other hand, type of structure determines coordination and cooperation process within organizations. Internal communication is vital if an organization is to function properly (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001). Internal communication climate and structure of organization Grunig, in his writing Systems of Internal Communication (1992), quoted Schneider (1985), wrote that the concept of communication climate came from organizational psychology. It refers to a psychological atmosphere in organization like warm, tolerant, and participative. The values of communication climate can cover some features such as consistency, credibility, trust, openness, accuracy and frequent communication. However, there are also negative senses such as intolerant, rigid or imbalanced communication atmosphere that could result in ineffectiveness in organizations. Effendy (1983, in Ruslan, 2007) internal communication which exists in organization can be categorized in three. First is vertical communication. This kind of communication is centered on two ways aspect. Downward and upward communications principally are manifestation of vertical communication. Nonetheless, in downward style, management stands the instruction, information, explanation, or delegation to person in charge in the units or their subordinates. In upward, subordinates give reports, suggestions, or even complaints to their direct managers. Second is horizontal communication. This sort of communication takes place amongst ordinary employees or staffs, or managers in the same level. Cross communication can also be come about in horizontal communication. Presently, structure of organizations has massively been developed. The most common and traditional type, bureaucracy where most decisions are centralized, has no longer been the one and only, even though some big business and governmental offices still use it. The terminologies such as boundaryless or virtual organizations have been popular amidst organizational scholars and adopted by many organizations. Some high-tech firms in Silicon Valley, USA, for instance, have been organizing themselves to implement a relatively flat structure (Cheney et al, 2004), where the decision making power is distributed and the divisions have varying degrees of autonomy. Flat structure is often used by organizations where their works are fundamentally about new ideas (Cheney et al, 2004). This happens as a result to cut off the stagnation in communication flows within the organizations and to drive a favorable work atmosphere. Vos and Schoemaker (2001) confirm this by saying that structure offers a framework for the processes occurring in organizations. The differentiation and specialization in organizations as described in units, or departments may probably be potential to induce unclear communication processes, particularly in big organizations or corporations who applies rigid bureaucratic model. Specialization, in other words, may mystify and exclude other departments’ staffs since each has its own language or jargon. Organizations with many divisions or levels will be likely to have more basic problems in their internal communication compared to organizations who adopt simple structure, if procedures and guidelines are not established in good order. This means that inconsistency in performing the guidelines, for instance, may emerge unclear job responsibilities and, in turn, can lead to significant communication problems. More divisions, levels or employees, of course, will cause extra managerial efforts to reach mutual relationships to get common sense in reaching organizations’ ends. Vos and Schoemaker described this condition by stating that communication problems about who is doing what can originate in problems of the structure (2001, p. 96). Simply saying, flat and fluid organizational structure may give leaders more chances to interact informally with their subordinates to get feedback or to give constructive motivation. Motivation, as one important factor to achieve work quality, can be improved by the way leaders communicate. Leaders may increase their credibility before the employees by, perhaps, showing them their trustworthiness, openness and appreciation. In some extent, these characters can raise employee’s motivation to improve their job performance as well as to experience job satisfaction. Writer tried not to say that flexible or simple structures are better than conventional ones, as they have their own strength and weakness. However, the type or size of organization which can be drawn up from its structure undeniably also affects the way internal communications carried out and determines the quantity and quality of it. Military institutions, for example, may not have fluid and informal structure since their philosophy is based on chain of commands and thus, centralized. If an army adopts fluid structure, it can even jeopardize its internal communication since there is a solid system in rank stratification. Communicating the Change Internal communications is required not only to let members of organization know about the change which is going to take place but also to keep the process of it running properly. Cheney, Christensen, Zorn, Ganesh (2004) stated that communication is the means by which change is implemented, as implementers negotiate plans, announce changes (p. 339). To communicate the facts about the desired change to inside stakeholders, in this case shareholders, staff and workforce calls for good strategies. Excellent internal communications plans and actions are needed to result in less-turbulent reaction of the insiders. It is a common thing that not everyone in organization becomes aware or even expects changes. And yet, as told by Cheney et al (2004), change is considered successful if it is accepted by key stakeholders rather than rejected; is compatible between the intended use of designer and the actual use of user; and give benefit to the organizations as well. The prominent key of announcing the intended change is based on how to handle the flows of information regarding the change itself. Vos and Schoemaker underlined that Information about change should be managed well and provided timely to prevent rumours (Vos and Schoemaker, 2001, p. 110). This entails the need that inside stakeholders would better receive the information from the management directly and at the first place, not from external parties such as media or their counterparts from other organizations. The facts should be communicated as clear and concise as possible to reduce uncertainty and anxiety among them. Furthermore, management should consider the possibility of messages may not be heard or be met with cynicism of the stakeholders. Mental noise may stop people from receiving messages. Practical ways to support the change It is crucial that management classifies and selects message delivery methods which suit the circumstances and the need of the receivers by conveying the information constantly and frequently as well as using selective channels that fit to types of target stakeholders. For instance, if the change is large-scale and will relatively give profound impact to most frontline employees, like downsizing or outsourcing, it is much better that the top executives not to directly communicate this to them. It will be more appropriate to delegate this task to frontline supervisors as frontline employees usually do not trust top executives (Cheney et al, 2004, p. 331). Frontline supervisors may have closer and more emotional relationship with frontline employees than those at middle or top management. Trust is usually built on intense, direct interaction. Basically, management can communicate the change through multiple channels, including speaking, writing, video, training, focus groups, bulletin boards, Intranets, and more. Again, it always depends on the kinds of changes. For example, management can apply internal media like bulletin boards or intranet as well to introduce a new design for corporate newsletter. Using generally accessible internal media to announce a small-scale change seems to be better than personal ones as this can save money and energy. This means that organization treats all stakeholders (staff and workforce) equally to give everyone fair notice of the change (Cheney et al, 2004, 332). Especially to shareholders, personal approach or media like individual calls or special meeting may be more effective as they own the organization and their claim on organizational resources is often considered superior to the claims of other inside stakeholders (Jones, 2004, p. 32). Persuading those who do not accept (opponents) or are still floating (potential promoters and hidden opponents) concerning the change is included in communicating stage. It is very possible that management will get resistance from shareholders, staff and employees who feel uneasy. They may think that the change will bring uncertainty to their future and may threaten their positions (some kinds of changes like downsizing or restructuring will, indeed, threaten some people). Basically, rejection and uncertainty could also be possible as a result of lack of information about the change itself. To cope with it, management can arrange a kind of meeting, for instance, small group gathering, and invite this group or its representatives to talk over about the change by giving clear and comprehensive understanding about it. On the other hand, in persuading the resistance, negotiation may appear to be a wise way to compromise with the existing interests. At this stage, the planner should stimu late the process of change by providing transparency. Communicating the change also includes facilitating the process of change by giving appropriate trainings or exercises to keep the change in line with the programmed procedures. Facilitating the change is directed to provide more information through education for the involved stakeholders to strengthen their knowledge and skills related to the change. In this stage, getting and providing regular feedback and updates will be useful. It is important for executives and managers to know what sorts of responds emerge, such as acceptance, commitment, and productivity (Cheney et al, 2004, p 330). Taking feedback is not a linear process which is conducted only at the end of the intended change. It is actually a circular process that covers the whole phase of the change. For instance, an input from employee about the new-adopted administration filing system may force a reconsideration of the original formulation. By getting feedback, management can measure the ongoing process and do improveme nts if needed. Conclusion As a summary, writer finds out that in order to achieve successful desired change, organization should be able to constitute applicable communication plan to announce the change to their inside stakeholders. Well-planned strategy mitigates chances that the change will be rejected by inside stakeholders. Proper action will ultimately increase the organisation’s ability to get and take feedback effectively. Writer also comes to a conclusion that structure of organization really affects the climate of internal communication. On my perspective, today’s organizations need to have more fluid and flexible structure in order to have clearer and transparent communication flows. But, I believe that organizational structure is not the only thing involved as there are some other significant factors like culture or economic reasons which also have to be taken into account. However, we should remember that based on the fact, 90 per cent of intended change were not suitable with the expectation (Becht, 2008). This implicates that actually the successful change is not merely determined by the methods it is communicated. The current internal communications climate in the organization may possibly affect the successful of the change. Bibliography Becht, Agaath. 2008. Presentation on Change management, presented on January, 17 2008. The Hague: The Hague University. Cheney, George. Christensen, LT. Zorn, JR, TE. Ganesh, Shiv. 2004. Organizational Communication in Age of Globalization: Issues, Reflection, Practices. Illinois: Waveland Press, Inc. Jones, Gareth R. 2004. Organizational Theory, Design, and Change (4th Edition). NJ: Prentice Hall Vos, Marieta. Schoemaker, Henny. 2001. Integrated Communication: Concern, Internal and Marketing Communication (2nd Edition). Utrecht: LEMMA Publishers Organizational Structure. (2008, January 10). BusinessDictionary.com, The free online business dictionary. Retrieved January 10, 2008, from Business Dictionary Website: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/organizational-structure.html *Dosen PNSDpk Kopertis II Palembang

Organizations And Its Cultural Differences

The procedure of specifying organisational civilization goes by the fact that the definition in itself is obscure. Harmonizing to Schein, â€Å"culture is what a group learns over a period of clip as that group solves its jobs of endurance in an external environment and its jobs of internal integration† ( Schein, 1990: p111 ) . All these develop over a period of clip and go a portion of organisational civilization and they are turned into implicit in premise of what should and should non be done. Schein farther adds that these implicit in premises are the cardinal to understand organisation civilization and their manifestations which he calls as artefacts and values. Artifacts are referred to as seeable points such as organisation layouts and values are organisation specific beliefs such as ways to manage jobs ( Schein, 1990 ) . On the graduated table of cultural values expressed by Hofstede, UK scores high on individuality, low on power distance and uncertainness turning away, which means British employees are based on single features, do non prefer hierarchal organisation construction and do non indispensable demand organized attack and ordinances ( Hofstede, 1993 ) . In UK organisations openly display of emotions and showing positive or negative attitudes are really rare scene and therefore are sooner avoided. During meetings, British co-workers will near concern with an air of formality and withdrawal. This sort of work force attitudes can be reflected with Schein ‘s three degrees of organisational civilization under â€Å"values† of how people think and feel under different fortunes ( Schein, 1996 ) . It is more individualistic attitudes and loose bonds between employees that make them more self oriented instead than working under groups, thereby constructing close relationships ( Jodie 200 7 ) . Successes in these organisations are measured by personal accomplishments than group activities taking to less group motive and togetherness in accomplishing a common organisational end. On the 2nd dimension of Hosftede which is power distance, UK organisations tend to be comparatively low compared to the universe norm of 56. One of the grounds that can be argued for low power distance is the equality between the societal degree in these organisations between directors and their subsidiaries, as there is a less stiff system in topographic point for turn toing higher-ups. The orientation factor inside the organisations helps to maintain a strong concerted engagement within the power degrees and this enables to make a more stable environment between the employer and the employee. This involves the implicit in premises that determine perceptual experiences, thought and procedure of different persons and their feelings ( Schein, 2004 ) . For illustration if we take an English company, characterized by a low power distance, we will happen that subordinates interact with their higher-ups to propose alternate solutions of a job or a determination ( Meier, 2004 ) . Relations hips between higher-ups and subsidiaries are frequent and they are considered like a manner of bettering the public presentations of the group. On the reverse in an Indian organisation which is characterized by high power distance, people are strongly linked with the thought of esteeming the hierarchal authorization and the obeisance of the higher-ups is considered the best manner of accomplishing the ends of the company. Here, relationships between directors and their work force are strongly affected, peculiarly with respect to the acknowledgment of the power. In this manner high power distance persons need a forceful director that tell them what to make, on the contrary, low power distance persons prefer a laxer director and they do non ever accept his thoughts or determinations. It will be a challenge of these organisations to unearth them as it would enable in constructing a better apprehension with the work force which would ensue in turn toing newer challenges faced in this dy namic concern environment. On the 3rd dimension of Hofstede which is uncertainness turning away, UK is on the lower terminal compared to the universe ‘s norm of 65. It is deserving stating that Countries with weak uncertainness turning away like UK are comparatively unafraid, less dependent and do n't experience endangered by the positions of others. There will be small differing of idea procedure within the administration and working together in complex undertakings would be much easier. For illustration if we consider Gallic directors that are characterized by high uncertainness avoidance we can see that they take a long clip to do a determination. They analyse all facets of the determination and seek to measure their determinations logically. So they tend to believe more before playing and sometimes if the hazard is excessively high they could even decline to move whereas a British opposite number, low on uncertainness turning away, would be more matter-of-fact. They accept the hazard of doing errors and ever prefer to move immediately alternatively of believing long ( Meier, 2004 ) . In this sense, besides subordinates with a civilization of low uncertainness turning away are more willing for rapid alterations than those with a civilization of high uncertainness turning away. In this instance, the challenges of directors is to understand which is the better scheme to follow in conformity with accomplishing the company ends and be able to alter, as needed, their behavior and that of their work force, demoing a good capacity of adaptability and flexibleness. The above treatment has shown that many jobs are likely to look in a workplace where different civilizations, behaviors, attitudes, values and beliefs meet. Directors of transnational companies should possess sound cognition, direction accomplishments, personal traits, features and motive to pull off a multicultural work force. The best manner to get the better of these troubles and struggles is to educate the directors about cultural differences in order to do the workers cognizant of the diversenesss and do them cognize how to be more unfastened and tolerant towards each other. Finally, as the growing of transnational companies has been steady there is surely an huge demand of understanding of in-depth cultural issues for guaranting harmonious and productive work-culture in every administration.MentionsHofstede, G. ( 1993 ) , ‘Cultural Constraints in Management Theories ‘ , Academy of Management Executive 7, p81-94.Jodie R. Gorrill ( 2007 ) , Intercultural Communication , transverse cultural Training communicating Group, www.communicaid.com/cross-cultural-training/culture-for-business-and-management/doing-business-in/British-business-and-social-culture.php # [ Accessed: 3rd April 2010 ] .Meier O. ( 2004 ) , Management Interculturel, Paris, Dunod.Schein, E. ( 1990 ) , ‘Organizational Culture ‘ , American Psychologist, 45 ( 2 ) , p109-119.Schein, E. ( 1996 ) , Culture: the losing construct in organisation surveies, Administrative Science Quarterly 41, p229 – 240.Schein, E. ( 2004 ) , Organizational civilization and leading, 3rd erectile dysfunction, San Francisco: Jossey – Bass.

Definition Of Curriculum And Curriculum - 2230 Words

Curriculum is difficult to define as there is no one universal definition. Therefore the definition of curriculum will vary depending on the individual. Marsh and Willis (1995 as cited in Understanding Teaching For Learning Textbook Topic 3, p. 57) believe curriculum is ‘an interrelated set of plans and experiences that a student undertakes under the guidance of the school (p.10). Another definition is ‘the curriculum is always, in every society, a reflection of what the people think, feel, believe and do’ (Smith, Stanley Shores, 1950, p. 3 as cited in Understanding Teaching For Learning Textbook Topic 3, p. 57). Both examples show very different meanings to the term â€Å"curriculum†. In my opinion, in order to define curriculum, you must first understand the various types of curriculum in place because they are all intertwined as one. The types of curriculum and my understanding of them are as follows, official curriculum (objectives and goals set by a sp ecific curriculum), intended curriculum (what students are supposed to learn), taught curriculum (learning through the use of lesson and unit plans), learned curriculum (information students have retained), tested curriculum (tests developed by teachers, schools and the state to assess learned knowledge) and hidden curriculum (lessons learned that are not openly intended). Based on my understanding of each curriculum type, the definition I believe to be most suitable is, curriculum is anything taught and assessed which adhereShow MoreRelatedCurriculum Definition And Definition Of Curriculum2273 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is Curriculum? According to Stotsky (2012), curriculum is a plan of action that is aimed at achieving desired goals and objectives. It is a set of learning activities meant to make the learner attain goals as prescribed by the educational system. Generally, it includes the subjects and activities that a given school system is responsible for. Moreover, it defines the environment where certain learning activities take place. Furthermore, curriculum defines what happens in any formal educationalRead MoreCurriculum : A Definition Of Curriculum2050 Words   |  9 PagesCurriculum: A definition Defining a comprehensive concept of a curriculum can be tricky, differ, vary, and subjective attempt from person to person. In his book, Ewing (2013) believed it happens due to the background, experience, and knowledge of that individual in engaging with the curriculum. According to Galton (1998, as cited in Resh Benavot, 2009), curriculum is the organization of school subjects and the allocation of time when each subject is taught. Another definition provides by MarshRead MoreThe Curriculum Definitions Of Curriculum948 Words   |  4 PagesCurriculum Definitions There are numerous diverse definitions of curriculum. 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I wouldn’t call education though, seeing that onlyRead MoreCurriculum and Professional Issues1444 Words   |  6 Pagesto these institutions is the prevalence of curriculum reform through planning and informed development. (A.V Kelly, 2004) There are various ways in which curriculum has been defined, Curriculum can be taken to mean the quintessence of a syllabus of learning and includes philosophy, substance, strategies and assessment. Although syllabus often implies greater definition of what the curriculum may contain. A classic example is that the term curriculum was developed from the Latin word for racecourse

The Prevention Of Abuse Experience By People With A...

The data collected were relevant and simple statistical analysis was used to analyse the result. However, studies such as (Hewitt, 2014) conducted a qualitative study on experience of people with learning on abuse which can be classified as phenomenon. Hewitt (2014) study was based on the prevention of abuse experience by people with a learning disability. The study focused on the prevalence of abuse, the planning and service development to prevent abuse. The study used relevant literatures and the abstract were related to the study. Furthermore, prominent emerging themes were discussed at the literature reviews such as prevalence of abuse in the learning disability population and the effect of sexual abuse on the people with a learning disability. Hewitt (2014) has the knowledge of the field of study which makes the research thorough, however, the data were collected from the psychologist not from the service users. The advantages of using secondary data is that it cheaper to collect, the breadth of the data available and it has already been processed however, it may not have been collected for the purpose of the research therefore it may not answer the research questions. This may introduce some errors to the result and may affect the validity and reliability if the result (Aveyard, 2010; Ritchie et al., 2013). The style of writing was concise, grammatically arrange and well organised. The abstract discussed what the study was about. The purpose of the study was aboutShow MoreRelatedDisabilities : People With Disabilities Essay1442 Words   |  6 Pages People with Disabilities In 2012, the U.S. Census Bureau released a report that approximately 1 in every 5 Americans has a disability, which translated into almost 56.7 million people (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012). Moreover, more than half of that population was severely disabled. 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